Біопродуктивність, екологічний та енергетичний потенціал деревостанів ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. Байрачного степу України

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dc.contributor.authorСитник, Світлана Анатоліївна
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-25T08:50:11Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionThesis for a Doctor’s Degree in Agricultural Sciences majoring in 06.03.02 «Forest Inventory and Forest Mensuration» and 06.03.03 «Forestry and Silviculture». National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv. 2021. The thesis work is devoted to the study of theoretical and applied aspects of assessing the biotic productivity of Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plantations in the forestry region of the Riparian Steppe of Ukraine. The dissertation work is devoted to the study of theoretical and applied aspects of assessing the biotic productivity of stands with Robinia pseudoacacia L., the development of mathematical models for evaluating the qualitative indicators of the components of the trunk and crown phytomass in Black locust trees. The development for mathematical dependences of live biomass of structural fractions on the aboveground part of trees and stands on mensuration characteristics was carried out. Quantitative characteristics of ecosystem functions as carbon deposition oxygen production and energy consumption have been established. The accumulation of metal inorganic contaminants in the aboveground phytomass of Black locust stands in the conditions of polyelements soil contamination is estimated. The methodological basis of the research served as general scientific approaches of cognition and methods of mathematical modeling. The experimental basis of the study was provided by the data obtained in the experimental Black locust stands on temporary sample plots laid on the territory of the forestry region of the Riparian Steppe of Ukraine; the materials of basic forest management and the database «Stand-wise mensurational characteristics of forests» of Ukrainian state project forest inventory production association «Ukrderzhlisproekt». The thesis research evaluated the indicators of forestry activity in the enterprises of the Dnipropetrovsk Department of Forestry and Hunting of the State Agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine on compliance with the Helsinki criteria on sustainable forest management. The main issues of forest management in the Riparian Steppe which need improvement are the following: optimization of the number of balance holders in forest plantations and a multi-agency forest management system; bringing forestry to a scientifically reasonable norm; the implementation of scientific developments and modern information technologies on forest inventory and monitoring; increase of afforestation volumes, increase of biotic productivity and intensification of performance of ecosystem functions with already existing forest stands; introduction of economic incentives for introduction of innovative forestry and nature conservation technologies. Robinia pseudoacacia L. is an introduced tree species which have a significant reclamation potential. In the Riparian Steppe occupies one of the leading positions in the protective afforestation and forest reclamation of man-made disturbed landscapes. The total area of Black locust stands in the forests of the study region, subordinated to the State Agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine is 17683.7 ha with a total stock of trunk wood of 2624.79 thousand m3. Black locust stands were mostly pure in composition (82.5 % of the total area of the studied plantations), and they grow in following seventeen edaphotopes: А0–А2; В0–В3; С0–С5, D1–D4. The largest area of the stands studied was represented by the suhruds: 9596.5 ha (54.3 % of the total area of Black locust stands). The age structure of the Black locust stands is characterized by a significant predominance of overmature stands, which occupy 72.3 % (12786.0 ha) of the total area of stands of this species, with a small area of young (2.0 %). The stands of overrmature age group have the largest total stock of trunk wood, which is 83.6 % of the total stock of stands of this species in the Riparian Steppe of Ukraine. The largest average total stock of trunk wood (194 m3·ha-1) was characterized by overmature Black locust stands aged 80–85 years. The studied area is dominated by Black locust stands with a relative stocking of 0.8 (62.5 % of the total study area). The main part of the area was occupied by Black locust stands, which grow according to I site index class. In the course of the study, the local basic density of wood, bark, wood in the bark of trunk was determined. Wood in the bark of trunk significantly increases along the trunk from the root part of the trunk to a height of 0.1h, where the maximum values of the search value are recorded. The densest wood and bark in Black locust are formed in the middle of the trunk (0.5h) at the age of 41–60 years. The average values of local natural and basic density of wood and bark of Black locust tree in the Riparian Steppe of Ukraine have a combined type of changes in relative height: from the root part of the trunk to a relative height of 0.5h there is an increase in density followed by a gradual decrease from the middle to the top trunk. Information-reference data of phytomass estimation of the structural components Black locust trees and stands on the basis of the developed allometric models in which factors of influence acted: for a tree – diameter of a trunk at height of 1,3 m and height of a tree are calculated; for stands – average diameter, average height and relative stocking of stands. The total production of aboveground part of Black locust stands is estimated at 5.67–6.81 t·(ha·year)-1, up to 90 % of which is the production of trunk wood and leaves. The maximum production of trunk wood – 4.96 m3·(ha·year)-1 is recorded in Black locust stands with an average diameter of 10 cm and an average height of 6 m. The average density of carbon accumulated in the aboveground phytomass of Black locust stands is 4.30 kgC·(m2)-1. It is established that as a result of assimilation activity Black locust stands annually produce about 80.0 thousand tons of oxygen. The average intensity of oxygen production is 5.01 t∙(ha·year)-1. The phytomass of the aboveground part of the Black locust stands of the study region, which is produced during the growing season, can accumulate up to 2012 TJ of energy, which is equivalent to 69 thousand tons of conventional fuel or 48 thousand tons of oil equivalent. The vast majority of energy accumulates in the wood of trunks (30.5 % of the total annual accumulated energy) and leaves (29.5 %) of study stands of overmature age group. The thermal effect of the exothermic phase of thermal destruction of Black trunks wood in the temperature range 120–560 °С is 647 kJ·mol-1 (155 kcal·mol-1). Exothermic effects of thermal destruction of trunk bark are recorded at a temperature of 110–560 °С 2915 kJ·mol-1 (696 kcal·mol-1). The implementation of ecosystem functions by forests can be achieved in the conditions and through the implementation of forest management, which defines the ecological, economic and social functions of forests as equivalent. As a result, of the research, the prospects of using forest-forming species Black locust in reclamation stands in the conditions of polyelement soil contamination were supported. The obtained results allowed to estimate degree the concentration of metal inorganic contaminants into the phytomass of assimilation organs in the stands studied. The results of assessment of biotic productivity, annual production of structural components of the aboveground part of stands, quantitative indicators of ecosystem functions should serve to update data on forest resources, rationing of forest use, balanced management of forest ecosystems, monitoring of condition forests and the effectiveness of forest measuresuk_UA
dc.description.abstractДисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора сільськогосподарських наук зі спеціальностей 06.03.02 «Лісовпорядкування та лісова таксація» та 06.03.03 «Лісознавство і лісівництво». Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України. Київ, 2021. У дисертації представлено теоретичні й прикладні аспекти оцінювання біотичної продуктивності деревостанів Robinia pseudoacacia L. лісогосподарської області Байрачного степу України. У дослідженні розроблено систему математичних моделей та отримано інформаційно-довідкові дані для визначення фітомаси структурних компонентів дерев і деревостанів робінії несправжньоакації. Визначено якісні показники фітомаси стовбура, крони та асиміляційної фракції дерев робінії. За результатами дослідження розроблено алгоритм розрахунку річної продукції й здійснено її оцінювання для модальних робінієвих деревостанів. Оцінено екосистемні функції робінієвих деревостанів, встановлено закономірності акумуляції неорганічних контамінантів у надземній фітомасі в умовах поліелементного забруднення ґрунту металами. Отримано показники термодеструкції фітомаси стовбурів, оцінено енергетичну функцію робінієвих деревостанів. Визначено загальний обсяг накопиченої органічної рослинної речовини, депонованого вуглецю, продукованого кисню робінієвих деревостанів Байрачного степу Україниuk_UA
dc.identifier.citationБіопродуктивність, екологічний та енергетичний потенціал деревостанів ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. Байрачного степу України: дис. ... доктора філософії : 06.03.02 "Лісовпорядкування та лісова таксація"; 06.03.03 "Лісознавство і лісівництво" (с.-г. науки) / С.А. Ситник ; Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України. - Київ, 2020. - 565 сuk_UA
dc.identifier.urihttps://dglib.nubip.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63
dc.language.isoukuk_UA
dc.subjectробінія несправжньоакаціяuk_UA
dc.subjectлісогосподарська областьuk_UA
dc.subjectматематичне моделюванняuk_UA
dc.subjectнормативно-довідкові дані надземної фітомасиuk_UA
dc.subjectекосистемні функціїuk_UA
dc.subjectдепонований вуглецьuk_UA
dc.subjectнеорганічні металічні контамінантиuk_UA
dc.titleБіопродуктивність, екологічний та енергетичний потенціал деревостанів ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. Байрачного степу Україниuk_UA
dc.typeThesisAbstractuk_UA

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