Функціонування ринку конкурентоспроможної агропродовольчої продукції в умовах європейської інтеграції України
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Дата
2018
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Анотація
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук зі спеціальності 08.00.03 «Економіка та управління національним господарством». Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України. Київ, 2018. У дисертації розглянуто та проаналізовано теоретико-наукові підходи до визначення економічної сутності категоріального апарату «конкурентоспроможність» як основи для аналізу при вивченні питання економічного зростання. Проведено комплексний аналіз інструментів розрахунку виявлених порівняльних переваг. Проаналізовано стан функціонування Угоди про Поглиблену та всеохоплюючу зону вільної торгівлі між Україною та ЄС в частині зменшення, скасування та тенденцій щодо використання тарифних квот ЄС при здійсненні експорту вітчизняної агропродовольчої продукції до країн-членів ЄС. Розроблено графічну матрицю спеціалізації України в торгівлі агропродовольчими товарами з країнами-членами ЄС. Визначено потенційну конкурентоспроможність окремих видів агропродовольчої продукції вітчизняного виробництва. Здійснено економічне прогнозування тенденцій обсягів експорту агропродовольчої продукції з України до країн-членів ЄС. Розроблено пріоритетні напрями підвищення конкурентоспроможності вітчизняної агропродовольчої продукції на зовнішніх ринках
Опис
Thesis for the degree of candidate of economic sciences, specialty 08.00.03 Economics and Management of National Economy. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv, 2018. The thesis is devoted to the verification of theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of functioning of the market of competitive agri-food products under conditions of the European integration of Ukraine. In the process of scientific research, the theoretical and scientific approaches considered and analyzed for the purposes of determining of the concept content «competitiveness» – as a basis for analysis in the process of a study of the economic growth issue. The existing indicators of the international competitiveness of the agri-food sector of the economy, depending on the method of their calculation were examined. The analysis of the main most common definitions of competition as a scientific concept reflecting the process of the market was carried out. It was established that taking into account the multidimensional nature of the category is the need to determine its content in each case, depending on the goals for which it was formed. The evolution of approaches to definition of the essence of the market in terms of economic ideas was analyzed; the existing approaches of understanding the concept of «agri-food market» in the scientific community were explored. The arguments in relation to considering the reasonability of agrarian sector`s products as well as products of sector of the food industry as the components of a single market for agri-food products have been provided. The methodological foundations of research on the competitiveness of the agro-food products market were emphasized and the theoretical and scientific approaches to the concept of «revealed» comparative advantage were considered and analyzed. It was proposed to carry out a research of competitiveness based on the methodology of comparative advantages of B. Balassa and transformation derivatives of the RCA index. The reasonability of research of foreign trade specialization of the country with use of a graphic matrix was outlined. In order to investigate potential competitiveness in the future, it was proposed to use the Domestic Resources Cost (DRC) index, which is calculated in order to measure the comparative advantages of various policy options. The analysis of the current conditions of functioning of a widespread in content trade agreement – Deep and comprehensive free trade area between Ukraine and the EU has been carried out in terms of reduction, cancellation and tendency in relation to use of tariff quotas of the EU in the course of export of Ukrainian products to the EU market. Using empirical research methods, a list of domestic agri-food groups with the revealed comparative advantages in trade with the European Union countries was determined. The basis for calculation of revealed comparative advantages the methodology for the first time proposed by B. Balassa for identification of weak and strong export sectors of the country. The conditions of trade agri-food products between Ukraine and the EU were analyzed, as well as the research in competitiveness of domestic commodity groups of agri-food products based on RCA, RXA, RMP and RTA indexes was completed. For the purposes of more efficient research of the country’s specialization, a graphical matrix was built, that consequently resulted in a clear understanding of the situation regarding the existing strengths and weaknesses of the external trade structure of the country. In order to find solution for this task, a Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage index (RSCA), that is an indicator of comparative advantages, as well as the Trade Balance Index (TBI), that is an indicator of export – import activity were calculated. The potential competitiveness of domestic production of certain types of agrifood products in the future was examined. For this purpose, the indicator, that is most often used in empirical studies, and has been scientifically tested was used, namely, the indicator of Domestic Resource Cost (DRC). It was established that the presence of competitive advantages in the production of a certain type of product determines the specialization of the country in trade in the foreign markets. The results of DRC analysis allow to determine whether the production of a certain type of goods has comparative advantages for a particular subject, that is, determines the effectiveness of the use of internal resources of the subject in order to save (or earn) money unit in comparison with the use of other resources for production. It is analyzed that even with a significant increase in the cost of domestic resources, a certain part of agrifood products maintain their competitiveness, while for the rest part the increase may affect the deterioration of international competitiveness. Calculation of domestic resource costs made it possible to plan the international competitiveness of domestic agri-food products in future periods, taking into account the likely change in the value of domestic resources. For the purposes of forecasting, the development of agri-food exports from Ukraine to the countries of the European Union was used method of dynamic series. Topical issues of national economy development on the basis of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) were revealed. It was established some potential approaches for improving the competitiveness of domestic agri-food products in foreign markets. It was found out that in modern conditions ensuring expansion and strengthening of positions of domestic producers in foreign markets is almost impossible without significant state support. In addition to purely production factors, the realization of export potential largely depends on the availability of state and nonstate structures to promote export activities, coordination of actions of all involved subjects
Ключові слова
конкуренція, конкурентоспроможність, євроінтеграційний розвиток, ринок агропродовольчої продукції, виявлена порівняльна перевага, торгівля агропродовольчою продукцією, Індекс глобальної конкурентоспроможності, підвищення конкурентоспроможності
Бібліографічний опис
Функціонування ринку конкурентоспроможної агропродовольчої продукції в умовах європейської інтеграції України: автореф. дис. ... кандидата економічних наук 08.00.03 "Економіка та управління національним господарством" / Ю.В. Трокоз ; Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України. - К., 2018. - 23 с